diff --git a/apex/apex.go b/apex/apex.go
index 6f02c476f..efeb0e222 100644
--- a/apex/apex.go
+++ b/apex/apex.go
@@ -1924,7 +1924,7 @@ func (a *apexBundle) GenerateAndroidBuildActions(ctx android.ModuleContext) {
 					// Rlib is statically linked, but it might have shared lib
 					// dependencies. Track them.
 					return true
-				} else if java.IsbootImageContentDepTag(depTag) {
+				} else if java.IsBootclasspathFragmentContentDepTag(depTag) {
 					// Add the contents of the bootclasspath fragment to the apex.
 					switch child.(type) {
 					case *java.Library, *java.SdkLibrary:
diff --git a/apex/boot_image_test.go b/apex/boot_image_test.go
index e18c2ea2c..dab72f76b 100644
--- a/apex/boot_image_test.go
+++ b/apex/boot_image_test.go
@@ -216,6 +216,22 @@ func TestBootclasspathFragmentInArtApex(t *testing.T) {
 			],
 		}
 
+		java_import {
+			name: "foo",
+			jars: ["foo.jar"],
+			apex_available: [
+				"com.android.art",
+			],
+		}
+
+		java_import {
+			name: "bar",
+			jars: ["bar.jar"],
+			apex_available: [
+				"com.android.art",
+			],
+		}
+
 		// Make sure that a preferred prebuilt doesn't affect the apex.
 		prebuilt_boot_image {
 			name: "mybootclasspathfragment",
diff --git a/java/boot_image.go b/java/boot_image.go
index 78215f05a..192b16b40 100644
--- a/java/boot_image.go
+++ b/java/boot_image.go
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ func RegisterBootImageBuildComponents(ctx android.RegistrationContext) {
 	ctx.RegisterModuleType("prebuilt_bootclasspath_fragment", prebuiltBootImageFactory)
 }
 
-type bootImageContentDependencyTag struct {
+type bootclasspathFragmentContentDependencyTag struct {
 	blueprint.BaseDependencyTag
 }
 
@@ -62,16 +62,22 @@ type bootImageContentDependencyTag struct {
 // This is a temporary workaround to make it easier to migrate to boot image modules with proper
 // dependencies.
 // TODO(b/177892522): Remove this and add needed visibility.
-func (b bootImageContentDependencyTag) ExcludeFromVisibilityEnforcement() {
+func (b bootclasspathFragmentContentDependencyTag) ExcludeFromVisibilityEnforcement() {
+}
+
+// The bootclasspath_fragment contents must never depend on prebuilts.
+func (b bootclasspathFragmentContentDependencyTag) ReplaceSourceWithPrebuilt() bool {
+	return false
 }
 
 // The tag used for the dependency between the boot image module and its contents.
-var bootImageContentDepTag = bootImageContentDependencyTag{}
+var bootclasspathFragmentContentDepTag = bootclasspathFragmentContentDependencyTag{}
 
-var _ android.ExcludeFromVisibilityEnforcementTag = bootImageContentDepTag
+var _ android.ExcludeFromVisibilityEnforcementTag = bootclasspathFragmentContentDepTag
+var _ android.ReplaceSourceWithPrebuilt = bootclasspathFragmentContentDepTag
 
-func IsbootImageContentDepTag(tag blueprint.DependencyTag) bool {
-	return tag == bootImageContentDepTag
+func IsBootclasspathFragmentContentDepTag(tag blueprint.DependencyTag) bool {
+	return tag == bootclasspathFragmentContentDepTag
 }
 
 type bootImageProperties struct {
@@ -187,7 +193,7 @@ func (i BootImageInfo) AndroidBootImageFilesByArchType() map[android.ArchType]an
 
 func (b *BootImageModule) DepIsInSameApex(ctx android.BaseModuleContext, dep android.Module) bool {
 	tag := ctx.OtherModuleDependencyTag(dep)
-	if tag == bootImageContentDepTag {
+	if IsBootclasspathFragmentContentDepTag(tag) {
 		// Boot image contents are automatically added to apex.
 		return true
 	}
@@ -202,8 +208,26 @@ func (b *BootImageModule) ShouldSupportSdkVersion(ctx android.BaseModuleContext,
 	return nil
 }
 
+// ComponentDepsMutator adds dependencies onto modules before any prebuilt modules without a
+// corresponding source module are renamed. This means that adding a dependency using a name without
+// a prebuilt_ prefix will always resolve to a source module and when using a name with that prefix
+// it will always resolve to a prebuilt module.
+func (b *BootImageModule) ComponentDepsMutator(ctx android.BottomUpMutatorContext) {
+	module := ctx.Module()
+	_, isSourceModule := module.(*BootImageModule)
+
+	for _, name := range b.properties.Contents {
+		// A bootclasspath_fragment must depend only on other source modules, while the
+		// prebuilt_bootclasspath_fragment must only depend on other prebuilt modules.
+		if !isSourceModule {
+			name = android.PrebuiltNameFromSource(name)
+		}
+		ctx.AddDependency(module, bootclasspathFragmentContentDepTag, name)
+	}
+
+}
+
 func (b *BootImageModule) DepsMutator(ctx android.BottomUpMutatorContext) {
-	ctx.AddDependency(ctx.Module(), bootImageContentDepTag, b.properties.Contents...)
 
 	if SkipDexpreoptBootJars(ctx) {
 		return
diff --git a/sdk/Android.bp b/sdk/Android.bp
index 7b034e6de..09a7286dc 100644
--- a/sdk/Android.bp
+++ b/sdk/Android.bp
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ bootstrap_go_package {
         "update.go",
     ],
     testSrcs: [
-        "boot_image_sdk_test.go",
+        "bootclasspath_fragment_sdk_test.go",
         "bp_test.go",
         "cc_sdk_test.go",
         "compat_config_sdk_test.go",
diff --git a/sdk/boot_image_sdk_test.go b/sdk/bootclasspath_fragment_sdk_test.go
similarity index 67%
rename from sdk/boot_image_sdk_test.go
rename to sdk/bootclasspath_fragment_sdk_test.go
index 5a03e346e..10f86e805 100644
--- a/sdk/boot_image_sdk_test.go
+++ b/sdk/bootclasspath_fragment_sdk_test.go
@@ -20,17 +20,17 @@ import (
 	"android/soong/android"
 )
 
-func TestSnapshotWithBootImage(t *testing.T) {
+func TestSnapshotWithBootclasspathFragment(t *testing.T) {
 	result := android.GroupFixturePreparers(
 		prepareForSdkTestWithJava,
 		android.FixtureWithRootAndroidBp(`
 			sdk {
 				name: "mysdk",
-				boot_images: ["mybootimage"],
+				bootclasspath_fragments: ["mybootclasspathfragment"],
 			}
 
-			boot_image {
-				name: "mybootimage",
+			bootclasspath_fragment {
+				name: "mybootclasspathfragment",
 				image_name: "art",
 			}
 		`),
@@ -40,8 +40,8 @@ func TestSnapshotWithBootImage(t *testing.T) {
 		checkUnversionedAndroidBpContents(`
 // This is auto-generated. DO NOT EDIT.
 
-prebuilt_boot_image {
-    name: "mybootimage",
+prebuilt_bootclasspath_fragment {
+    name: "mybootclasspathfragment",
     prefer: false,
     visibility: ["//visibility:public"],
     apex_available: ["//apex_available:platform"],
@@ -51,9 +51,9 @@ prebuilt_boot_image {
 		checkVersionedAndroidBpContents(`
 // This is auto-generated. DO NOT EDIT.
 
-prebuilt_boot_image {
-    name: "mysdk_mybootimage@current",
-    sdk_member_name: "mybootimage",
+prebuilt_bootclasspath_fragment {
+    name: "mysdk_mybootclasspathfragment@current",
+    sdk_member_name: "mybootclasspathfragment",
     visibility: ["//visibility:public"],
     apex_available: ["//apex_available:platform"],
     image_name: "art",
@@ -62,37 +62,37 @@ prebuilt_boot_image {
 sdk_snapshot {
     name: "mysdk@current",
     visibility: ["//visibility:public"],
-    boot_images: ["mysdk_mybootimage@current"],
+    bootclasspath_fragments: ["mysdk_mybootclasspathfragment@current"],
 }
 `),
 		checkAllCopyRules(""))
 }
 
-// Test that boot_image works with sdk.
-func TestBasicSdkWithBootImage(t *testing.T) {
+// Test that bootclasspath_fragment works with sdk.
+func TestBasicSdkWithBootclasspathFragment(t *testing.T) {
 	android.GroupFixturePreparers(
 		prepareForSdkTestWithApex,
 		prepareForSdkTestWithJava,
 		android.FixtureWithRootAndroidBp(`
 		sdk {
 			name: "mysdk",
-			boot_images: ["mybootimage"],
+			bootclasspath_fragments: ["mybootclasspathfragment"],
 		}
 
-		boot_image {
-			name: "mybootimage",
+		bootclasspath_fragment {
+			name: "mybootclasspathfragment",
 			image_name: "art",
 			apex_available: ["myapex"],
 		}
 
 		sdk_snapshot {
 			name: "mysdk@1",
-			boot_images: ["mybootimage_mysdk_1"],
+			bootclasspath_fragments: ["mybootclasspathfragment_mysdk_1"],
 		}
 
-		prebuilt_boot_image {
-			name: "mybootimage_mysdk_1",
-			sdk_member_name: "mybootimage",
+		prebuilt_bootclasspath_fragment {
+			name: "mybootclasspathfragment_mysdk_1",
+			sdk_member_name: "mybootclasspathfragment",
 			prefer: false,
 			visibility: ["//visibility:public"],
 			apex_available: [