diff --git a/android/paths.go b/android/paths.go
index dad70f770..d20b84a42 100644
--- a/android/paths.go
+++ b/android/paths.go
@@ -237,6 +237,9 @@ type Path interface {
 	// directory, and OutputPath.Join("foo").Rel() would return "foo".
 	Rel() string
 
+	// WithoutRel returns a new Path with no relative path, i.e. Rel() will return the same value as Base().
+	WithoutRel() Path
+
 	// RelativeToTop returns a new path relative to the top, it is provided solely for use in tests.
 	//
 	// It is guaranteed to always return the same type as it is called on, e.g. if called on an
@@ -1119,6 +1122,11 @@ func (p basePath) withRel(rel string) basePath {
 	return p
 }
 
+func (p basePath) withoutRel() basePath {
+	p.rel = filepath.Base(p.path)
+	return p
+}
+
 // SourcePath is a Path representing a file path rooted from SrcDir
 type SourcePath struct {
 	basePath
@@ -1278,6 +1286,11 @@ func (p SourcePath) String() string {
 	return p.path
 }
 
+func (p SourcePath) WithoutRel() Path {
+	p.basePath = p.basePath.withoutRel()
+	return p
+}
+
 // Join creates a new SourcePath with paths... joined with the current path. The
 // provided paths... may not use '..' to escape from the current path.
 func (p SourcePath) Join(ctx PathContext, paths ...string) SourcePath {
@@ -1362,8 +1375,8 @@ func (p OutputPath) withRel(rel string) OutputPath {
 	return p
 }
 
-func (p OutputPath) WithoutRel() OutputPath {
-	p.basePath.rel = filepath.Base(p.basePath.path)
+func (p OutputPath) WithoutRel() Path {
+	p.basePath = p.basePath.withoutRel()
 	return p
 }
 
@@ -1399,6 +1412,11 @@ type toolDepPath struct {
 	basePath
 }
 
+func (t toolDepPath) WithoutRel() Path {
+	t.basePath = t.basePath.withoutRel()
+	return t
+}
+
 func (t toolDepPath) RelativeToTop() Path {
 	ensureTestOnly()
 	return t
@@ -1767,6 +1785,11 @@ func (p InstallPath) RelativeToTop() Path {
 	return p
 }
 
+func (p InstallPath) WithoutRel() Path {
+	p.basePath = p.basePath.withoutRel()
+	return p
+}
+
 func (p InstallPath) getSoongOutDir() string {
 	return p.soongOutDir
 }
@@ -2087,6 +2110,11 @@ func (p PhonyPath) RelativeToTop() Path {
 	return p
 }
 
+func (p PhonyPath) WithoutRel() Path {
+	p.basePath = p.basePath.withoutRel()
+	return p
+}
+
 func (p PhonyPath) ReplaceExtension(ctx PathContext, ext string) OutputPath {
 	panic("Not implemented")
 }
@@ -2103,6 +2131,11 @@ func (p testPath) RelativeToTop() Path {
 	return p
 }
 
+func (p testPath) WithoutRel() Path {
+	p.basePath = p.basePath.withoutRel()
+	return p
+}
+
 func (p testPath) String() string {
 	return p.path
 }
diff --git a/java/aar.go b/java/aar.go
index 5c8287260..93ff7dd97 100644
--- a/java/aar.go
+++ b/java/aar.go
@@ -995,17 +995,17 @@ type AARImport struct {
 
 	properties AARImportProperties
 
-	headerJarFile                      android.WritablePath
-	implementationJarFile              android.WritablePath
-	implementationAndResourcesJarFile  android.WritablePath
-	proguardFlags                      android.WritablePath
-	exportPackage                      android.WritablePath
+	headerJarFile                      android.Path
+	implementationJarFile              android.Path
+	implementationAndResourcesJarFile  android.Path
+	proguardFlags                      android.Path
+	exportPackage                      android.Path
 	transitiveAaptResourcePackagesFile android.Path
-	extraAaptPackagesFile              android.WritablePath
+	extraAaptPackagesFile              android.Path
 	manifest                           android.Path
-	assetsPackage                      android.WritablePath
-	rTxt                               android.WritablePath
-	rJar                               android.WritablePath
+	assetsPackage                      android.Path
+	rTxt                               android.Path
+	rJar                               android.Path
 
 	resourcesNodesDepSet *android.DepSet[*resourcesNode]
 	manifestsDepSet      *android.DepSet[android.Path]
@@ -1170,14 +1170,14 @@ func (a *AARImport) GenerateAndroidBuildActions(ctx android.ModuleContext) {
 		a.manifest = extractedManifest
 	}
 
-	a.rTxt = extractedAARDir.Join(ctx, "R.txt")
-	a.assetsPackage = android.PathForModuleOut(ctx, "assets.zip")
-	a.proguardFlags = extractedAARDir.Join(ctx, "proguard.txt")
+	rTxt := extractedAARDir.Join(ctx, "R.txt")
+	assetsPackage := android.PathForModuleOut(ctx, "assets.zip")
+	proguardFlags := extractedAARDir.Join(ctx, "proguard.txt")
 	transitiveProguardFlags, transitiveUnconditionalExportedFlags := collectDepProguardSpecInfo(ctx)
 	android.SetProvider(ctx, ProguardSpecInfoProvider, ProguardSpecInfo{
 		ProguardFlagsFiles: android.NewDepSet[android.Path](
 			android.POSTORDER,
-			android.Paths{a.proguardFlags},
+			android.Paths{proguardFlags},
 			transitiveProguardFlags,
 		),
 		UnconditionallyExportedProguardFlags: android.NewDepSet[android.Path](
@@ -1190,15 +1190,19 @@ func (a *AARImport) GenerateAndroidBuildActions(ctx android.ModuleContext) {
 	ctx.Build(pctx, android.BuildParams{
 		Rule:        unzipAAR,
 		Input:       a.aarPath,
-		Outputs:     android.WritablePaths{classpathFile, a.proguardFlags, extractedManifest, a.assetsPackage, a.rTxt},
+		Outputs:     android.WritablePaths{classpathFile, proguardFlags, extractedManifest, assetsPackage, rTxt},
 		Description: "unzip AAR",
 		Args: map[string]string{
 			"outDir":             extractedAARDir.String(),
 			"combinedClassesJar": classpathFile.String(),
-			"assetsPackage":      a.assetsPackage.String(),
+			"assetsPackage":      assetsPackage.String(),
 		},
 	})
 
+	a.proguardFlags = proguardFlags
+	a.assetsPackage = assetsPackage
+	a.rTxt = rTxt
+
 	// Always set --pseudo-localize, it will be stripped out later for release
 	// builds that don't want it.
 	compileFlags := []string{"--pseudo-localize"}
@@ -1206,10 +1210,10 @@ func (a *AARImport) GenerateAndroidBuildActions(ctx android.ModuleContext) {
 	flata := compiledResDir.Join(ctx, "gen_res.flata")
 	aapt2CompileZip(ctx, flata, a.aarPath, "res", compileFlags)
 
-	a.exportPackage = android.PathForModuleOut(ctx, "package-res.apk")
+	exportPackage := android.PathForModuleOut(ctx, "package-res.apk")
 	proguardOptionsFile := android.PathForModuleGen(ctx, "proguard.options")
 	aaptRTxt := android.PathForModuleOut(ctx, "R.txt")
-	a.extraAaptPackagesFile = android.PathForModuleOut(ctx, "extra_packages")
+	extraAaptPackagesFile := android.PathForModuleOut(ctx, "extra_packages")
 
 	var linkDeps android.Paths
 
@@ -1245,13 +1249,16 @@ func (a *AARImport) GenerateAndroidBuildActions(ctx android.ModuleContext) {
 	}
 
 	transitiveAssets := android.ReverseSliceInPlace(staticDeps.assets())
-	aapt2Link(ctx, a.exportPackage, nil, proguardOptionsFile, aaptRTxt,
+	aapt2Link(ctx, exportPackage, nil, proguardOptionsFile, aaptRTxt,
 		linkFlags, linkDeps, nil, overlayRes, transitiveAssets, nil, nil)
+	a.exportPackage = exportPackage
 
-	a.rJar = android.PathForModuleOut(ctx, "busybox/R.jar")
-	resourceProcessorBusyBoxGenerateBinaryR(ctx, a.rTxt, a.manifest, a.rJar, nil, true, nil, false)
+	rJar := android.PathForModuleOut(ctx, "busybox/R.jar")
+	resourceProcessorBusyBoxGenerateBinaryR(ctx, a.rTxt, a.manifest, rJar, nil, true, nil, false)
+	a.rJar = rJar
 
-	aapt2ExtractExtraPackages(ctx, a.extraAaptPackagesFile, a.rJar)
+	aapt2ExtractExtraPackages(ctx, extraAaptPackagesFile, a.rJar)
+	a.extraAaptPackagesFile = extraAaptPackagesFile
 
 	resourcesNodesDepSetBuilder := android.NewDepSetBuilder[*resourcesNode](android.TOPOLOGICAL)
 	resourcesNodesDepSetBuilder.Direct(&resourcesNode{
@@ -1334,8 +1341,9 @@ func (a *AARImport) GenerateAndroidBuildActions(ctx android.ModuleContext) {
 
 	if len(staticHeaderJars) > 0 {
 		combineJars := append(android.Paths{classpathFile}, staticHeaderJars...)
-		a.headerJarFile = android.PathForModuleOut(ctx, "turbine-combined", jarName)
-		TransformJarsToJar(ctx, a.headerJarFile, "combine header jars", combineJars, android.OptionalPath{}, false, nil, nil)
+		headerJarFile := android.PathForModuleOut(ctx, "turbine-combined", jarName)
+		TransformJarsToJar(ctx, headerJarFile, "combine header jars", combineJars, android.OptionalPath{}, false, nil, nil)
+		a.headerJarFile = headerJarFile
 	} else {
 		a.headerJarFile = classpathFile
 	}
diff --git a/java/base.go b/java/base.go
index 02df14770..ba4a72912 100644
--- a/java/base.go
+++ b/java/base.go
@@ -1311,7 +1311,7 @@ func (j *Module) compile(ctx android.ModuleContext, extraSrcJars, extraClasspath
 			return
 		}
 
-		kotlinJarPath := j.repackageFlagsIfNecessary(ctx, kotlinJar.OutputPath, jarName, "kotlinc")
+		kotlinJarPath := j.repackageFlagsIfNecessary(ctx, kotlinJar, jarName, "kotlinc")
 
 		// Make javac rule depend on the kotlinc rule
 		flags.classpath = append(classpath{kotlinHeaderJar}, flags.classpath...)
@@ -1513,7 +1513,7 @@ func (j *Module) compile(ctx android.ModuleContext, extraSrcJars, extraClasspath
 
 	// Combine the classes built from sources, any manifests, and any static libraries into
 	// classes.jar. If there is only one input jar this step will be skipped.
-	var outputFile android.OutputPath
+	var outputFile android.Path
 
 	if len(jars) == 1 && !manifest.Valid() {
 		// Optimization: skip the combine step as there is nothing to do
@@ -1529,36 +1529,28 @@ func (j *Module) compile(ctx android.ModuleContext, extraSrcJars, extraClasspath
 		// to the copy rules.
 		stub, _ := moduleStubLinkType(ctx.ModuleName())
 
-		// Transform the single path to the jar into an OutputPath as that is required by the following
-		// code.
-		if moduleOutPath, ok := jars[0].(android.ModuleOutPath); ok && !stub {
-			// The path contains an embedded OutputPath so reuse that.
-			outputFile = moduleOutPath.OutputPath
-		} else if outputPath, ok := jars[0].(android.OutputPath); ok && !stub {
-			// The path is an OutputPath so reuse it directly.
-			outputFile = outputPath
-		} else {
-			// The file is not in the out directory so create an OutputPath into which it can be copied
-			// and which the following code can use to refer to it.
+		if stub {
 			combinedJar := android.PathForModuleOut(ctx, "combined", jarName)
 			ctx.Build(pctx, android.BuildParams{
 				Rule:   android.Cp,
 				Input:  jars[0],
 				Output: combinedJar,
 			})
-			outputFile = combinedJar.OutputPath
+			outputFile = combinedJar
+		} else {
+			outputFile = jars[0]
 		}
 	} else {
 		combinedJar := android.PathForModuleOut(ctx, "combined", jarName)
 		TransformJarsToJar(ctx, combinedJar, "for javac", jars, manifest,
 			false, nil, nil)
-		outputFile = combinedJar.OutputPath
+		outputFile = combinedJar
 	}
 
 	// jarjar implementation jar if necessary
 	if j.expandJarjarRules != nil {
 		// Transform classes.jar into classes-jarjar.jar
-		jarjarFile := android.PathForModuleOut(ctx, "jarjar", jarName).OutputPath
+		jarjarFile := android.PathForModuleOut(ctx, "jarjar", jarName)
 		TransformJarJar(ctx, jarjarFile, outputFile, j.expandJarjarRules)
 		outputFile = jarjarFile
 
@@ -1583,15 +1575,16 @@ func (j *Module) compile(ctx android.ModuleContext, extraSrcJars, extraClasspath
 		// will check that the jar only contains the permitted packages. The new location will become
 		// the output file of this module.
 		inputFile := outputFile
-		outputFile = android.PathForModuleOut(ctx, "package-check", jarName).OutputPath
+		packageCheckOutputFile := android.PathForModuleOut(ctx, "package-check", jarName)
 		ctx.Build(pctx, android.BuildParams{
 			Rule:   android.Cp,
 			Input:  inputFile,
-			Output: outputFile,
+			Output: packageCheckOutputFile,
 			// Make sure that any dependency on the output file will cause ninja to run the package check
 			// rule.
 			Validation: pkgckFile,
 		})
+		outputFile = packageCheckOutputFile
 
 		// Check packages and create a timestamp file when complete.
 		CheckJarPackages(ctx, pkgckFile, outputFile, j.properties.Permitted_packages)
@@ -1626,7 +1619,7 @@ func (j *Module) compile(ctx android.ModuleContext, extraSrcJars, extraClasspath
 	implementationAndResourcesJar := outputFile
 	if j.resourceJar != nil {
 		jars := android.Paths{j.resourceJar, implementationAndResourcesJar}
-		combinedJar := android.PathForModuleOut(ctx, "withres", jarName).OutputPath
+		combinedJar := android.PathForModuleOut(ctx, "withres", jarName)
 		TransformJarsToJar(ctx, combinedJar, "for resources", jars, manifest,
 			false, nil, nil)
 		implementationAndResourcesJar = combinedJar
@@ -1653,7 +1646,7 @@ func (j *Module) compile(ctx android.ModuleContext, extraSrcJars, extraClasspath
 					android.PathForSource(ctx, "build/make/core/proguard.jacoco.flags"))
 			}
 			// Dex compilation
-			var dexOutputFile android.OutputPath
+			var dexOutputFile android.Path
 			params := &compileDexParams{
 				flags:         flags,
 				sdkVersion:    j.SdkVersion(ctx),
@@ -1680,17 +1673,17 @@ func (j *Module) compile(ctx android.ModuleContext, extraSrcJars, extraClasspath
 
 			// If r8/d8 provides a profile that matches the optimized dex, use that for dexpreopt.
 			if dexArtProfileOutput != nil {
-				j.dexpreopter.SetRewrittenProfile(*dexArtProfileOutput)
+				j.dexpreopter.SetRewrittenProfile(dexArtProfileOutput)
 			}
 
 			// merge dex jar with resources if necessary
 			if j.resourceJar != nil {
 				jars := android.Paths{dexOutputFile, j.resourceJar}
-				combinedJar := android.PathForModuleOut(ctx, "dex-withres", jarName).OutputPath
+				combinedJar := android.PathForModuleOut(ctx, "dex-withres", jarName)
 				TransformJarsToJar(ctx, combinedJar, "for dex resources", jars, android.OptionalPath{},
 					false, nil, nil)
 				if *j.dexProperties.Uncompress_dex {
-					combinedAlignedJar := android.PathForModuleOut(ctx, "dex-withres-aligned", jarName).OutputPath
+					combinedAlignedJar := android.PathForModuleOut(ctx, "dex-withres-aligned", jarName)
 					TransformZipAlign(ctx, combinedAlignedJar, combinedJar, nil)
 					dexOutputFile = combinedAlignedJar
 				} else {
@@ -1850,7 +1843,7 @@ func enableErrorproneFlags(flags javaBuilderFlags) javaBuilderFlags {
 }
 
 func (j *Module) compileJavaClasses(ctx android.ModuleContext, jarName string, idx int,
-	srcFiles, srcJars android.Paths, flags javaBuilderFlags, extraJarDeps android.Paths) android.WritablePath {
+	srcFiles, srcJars android.Paths, flags javaBuilderFlags, extraJarDeps android.Paths) android.Path {
 
 	kzipName := pathtools.ReplaceExtension(jarName, "kzip")
 	annoSrcJar := android.PathForModuleOut(ctx, "javac", "anno.srcjar")
@@ -1860,7 +1853,7 @@ func (j *Module) compileJavaClasses(ctx android.ModuleContext, jarName string, i
 		jarName += strconv.Itoa(idx)
 	}
 
-	classes := android.PathForModuleOut(ctx, "javac", jarName).OutputPath
+	classes := android.PathForModuleOut(ctx, "javac", jarName)
 	TransformJavaToClasses(ctx, classes, idx, srcFiles, srcJars, annoSrcJar, flags, extraJarDeps)
 
 	if ctx.Config().EmitXrefRules() && ctx.Module() == ctx.PrimaryModule() {
@@ -1955,10 +1948,10 @@ func (j *Module) compileJavaHeader(ctx android.ModuleContext, srcFiles, srcJars
 }
 
 func (j *Module) instrument(ctx android.ModuleContext, flags javaBuilderFlags,
-	classesJar android.Path, jarName string, specs string) android.OutputPath {
+	classesJar android.Path, jarName string, specs string) android.Path {
 
 	jacocoReportClassesFile := android.PathForModuleOut(ctx, "jacoco-report-classes", jarName)
-	instrumentedJar := android.PathForModuleOut(ctx, "jacoco", jarName).OutputPath
+	instrumentedJar := android.PathForModuleOut(ctx, "jacoco", jarName)
 
 	jacocoInstrumentJar(ctx, instrumentedJar, jacocoReportClassesFile, classesJar, specs)
 
@@ -2733,7 +2726,7 @@ func getJarJarRuleText(provider *JarJarProviderData) string {
 }
 
 // Repackage the flags if the jarjar rule txt for the flags is generated
-func (j *Module) repackageFlagsIfNecessary(ctx android.ModuleContext, infile android.WritablePath, jarName, info string) android.WritablePath {
+func (j *Module) repackageFlagsIfNecessary(ctx android.ModuleContext, infile android.Path, jarName, info string) android.Path {
 	if j.repackageJarjarRules == nil {
 		return infile
 	}
diff --git a/java/dex.go b/java/dex.go
index 7bb69257c..bb3687154 100644
--- a/java/dex.go
+++ b/java/dex.go
@@ -428,7 +428,7 @@ func (d *dexer) addArtProfile(ctx android.ModuleContext, dexParams *compileDexPa
 }
 
 // Return the compiled dex jar and (optional) profile _after_ r8 optimization
-func (d *dexer) compileDex(ctx android.ModuleContext, dexParams *compileDexParams) (android.OutputPath, *android.OutputPath) {
+func (d *dexer) compileDex(ctx android.ModuleContext, dexParams *compileDexParams) (android.Path, android.Path) {
 
 	// Compile classes.jar into classes.dex and then javalib.jar
 	javalibJar := android.PathForModuleOut(ctx, "dex", dexParams.jarName).OutputPath
diff --git a/java/dexpreopt.go b/java/dexpreopt.go
index ddb89e92f..a38642a50 100644
--- a/java/dexpreopt.go
+++ b/java/dexpreopt.go
@@ -359,7 +359,7 @@ func (d *Dexpreopter) DexpreoptPrebuiltApexSystemServerJars(ctx android.ModuleCo
 	d.dexpreopt(ctx, libraryName, dexJarFile)
 }
 
-func (d *dexpreopter) dexpreopt(ctx android.ModuleContext, libName string, dexJarFile android.WritablePath) {
+func (d *dexpreopter) dexpreopt(ctx android.ModuleContext, libName string, dexJarFile android.Path) {
 	global := dexpreopt.GetGlobalConfig(ctx)
 
 	// TODO(b/148690468): The check on d.installPath is to bail out in cases where
diff --git a/java/hiddenapi.go b/java/hiddenapi.go
index 5441a3b6e..689c78f6d 100644
--- a/java/hiddenapi.go
+++ b/java/hiddenapi.go
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ func isModuleInBootClassPath(ctx android.BaseModuleContext, module android.Modul
 //
 // Otherwise, it creates a copy of the supplied dex file into which it has encoded the hiddenapi
 // flags and returns this instead of the supplied dex jar.
-func (h *hiddenAPI) hiddenAPIEncodeDex(ctx android.ModuleContext, dexJar android.OutputPath) android.OutputPath {
+func (h *hiddenAPI) hiddenAPIEncodeDex(ctx android.ModuleContext, dexJar android.Path) android.Path {
 
 	if !h.active {
 		return dexJar
diff --git a/java/java.go b/java/java.go
index ccb348fbb..1d4fa44f2 100644
--- a/java/java.go
+++ b/java/java.go
@@ -2762,7 +2762,7 @@ func (j *Import) GenerateAndroidBuildActions(ctx android.ModuleContext) {
 			setUncompressDex(ctx, &j.dexpreopter, &j.dexer)
 			j.dexpreopter.uncompressedDex = *j.dexProperties.Uncompress_dex
 
-			var dexOutputFile android.OutputPath
+			var dexOutputFile android.Path
 			dexParams := &compileDexParams{
 				flags:         flags,
 				sdkVersion:    j.SdkVersion(ctx),