diff --git a/android/module.go b/android/module.go
index f9ea89778..516810fcb 100644
--- a/android/module.go
+++ b/android/module.go
@@ -1418,10 +1418,42 @@ func (attrs *CommonAttributes) fillCommonBp2BuildModuleAttrs(ctx *topDownMutator
 	moduleEnableConstraints := bazel.LabelListAttribute{}
 	moduleEnableConstraints.Append(platformEnabledAttribute)
 	moduleEnableConstraints.Append(productConfigEnabledAttribute)
+	addCompatibilityConstraintForCompileMultilib(ctx, &moduleEnableConstraints)
 
 	return constraintAttributes{Target_compatible_with: moduleEnableConstraints}
 }
 
+var (
+	incompatible = bazel.LabelList{[]bazel.Label{{Label: "@platforms//:incompatible"}}, nil}
+)
+
+// If compile_mulitilib is set to
+// 1. 32: Add an incompatibility constraint for non-32 arches
+// 1. 64: Add an incompatibility constraint for non-64 arches
+func addCompatibilityConstraintForCompileMultilib(ctx *topDownMutatorContext, enabled *bazel.LabelListAttribute) {
+	mod := ctx.Module().base()
+	multilib, _ := decodeMultilib(mod, mod.commonProperties.CompileOS, ctx.Config().IgnorePrefer32OnDevice())
+
+	switch multilib {
+	case "32":
+		// Add an incompatibility constraint for all known 64-bit arches
+		enabled.SetSelectValue(bazel.ArchConfigurationAxis, "arm64", incompatible)
+		enabled.SetSelectValue(bazel.ArchConfigurationAxis, "x86_64", incompatible)
+		enabled.SetSelectValue(bazel.ArchConfigurationAxis, "riscv64", incompatible)
+	case "64":
+		// Add an incompatibility constraint for all known 32-bit arches
+		enabled.SetSelectValue(bazel.ArchConfigurationAxis, "arm", incompatible)
+		enabled.SetSelectValue(bazel.ArchConfigurationAxis, "x86", incompatible)
+	case "both":
+		// Do nothing: "both" is trivially compatible with 32-bit and 64-bit
+		// The top level rule (e.g. apex/partition) will be responsible for building this module in both variants via an
+		// outgoing_transition.
+	default: // e.g. first, common
+		// TODO - b/299135307: Add bp2build support for these properties.
+	}
+
+}
+
 // Check product variables for `enabled: true` flag override.
 // Returns a list of the constraint_value targets who enable this override.
 func productVariableConfigEnableAttribute(ctx *topDownMutatorContext) bazel.LabelListAttribute {
diff --git a/bp2build/cc_library_conversion_test.go b/bp2build/cc_library_conversion_test.go
index e50c710d2..890acc6fa 100644
--- a/bp2build/cc_library_conversion_test.go
+++ b/bp2build/cc_library_conversion_test.go
@@ -5279,3 +5279,58 @@ cc_library {
 	}
 	runCcLibraryTestCase(t, tc)
 }
+
+func TestCcCompileMultilibConversion(t *testing.T) {
+	tc := Bp2buildTestCase{
+		Description:                "cc_library with compile_multilib",
+		ModuleTypeUnderTest:        "cc_library",
+		ModuleTypeUnderTestFactory: cc.LibraryFactory,
+		Blueprint: `
+cc_library {
+	name: "lib32",
+	compile_multilib: "32",
+}
+cc_library {
+	name: "lib64",
+	compile_multilib: "64",
+}
+`,
+		ExpectedBazelTargets: []string{
+			MakeBazelTargetNoRestrictions("cc_library_shared", "lib32", AttrNameToString{
+				"local_includes": `["."]`,
+				"target_compatible_with": `["//build/bazel/platforms/os:android"] + select({
+        "//build/bazel/platforms/arch:arm64": ["@platforms//:incompatible"],
+        "//build/bazel/platforms/arch:riscv64": ["@platforms//:incompatible"],
+        "//build/bazel/platforms/arch:x86_64": ["@platforms//:incompatible"],
+        "//conditions:default": [],
+    })`,
+			}),
+			MakeBazelTargetNoRestrictions("cc_library_static", "lib32_bp2build_cc_library_static", AttrNameToString{
+				"local_includes": `["."]`,
+				"target_compatible_with": `["//build/bazel/platforms/os:android"] + select({
+        "//build/bazel/platforms/arch:arm64": ["@platforms//:incompatible"],
+        "//build/bazel/platforms/arch:riscv64": ["@platforms//:incompatible"],
+        "//build/bazel/platforms/arch:x86_64": ["@platforms//:incompatible"],
+        "//conditions:default": [],
+    })`,
+			}),
+			MakeBazelTargetNoRestrictions("cc_library_shared", "lib64", AttrNameToString{
+				"local_includes": `["."]`,
+				"target_compatible_with": `["//build/bazel/platforms/os:android"] + select({
+        "//build/bazel/platforms/arch:arm": ["@platforms//:incompatible"],
+        "//build/bazel/platforms/arch:x86": ["@platforms//:incompatible"],
+        "//conditions:default": [],
+    })`,
+			}),
+			MakeBazelTargetNoRestrictions("cc_library_static", "lib64_bp2build_cc_library_static", AttrNameToString{
+				"local_includes": `["."]`,
+				"target_compatible_with": `["//build/bazel/platforms/os:android"] + select({
+        "//build/bazel/platforms/arch:arm": ["@platforms//:incompatible"],
+        "//build/bazel/platforms/arch:x86": ["@platforms//:incompatible"],
+        "//conditions:default": [],
+    })`,
+			}),
+		},
+	}
+	runCcLibraryTestCase(t, tc)
+}